LONDON — German election exit polls on Sunday indicated that the Social Democratic Party is virtually neck-and-neck with the conservative alliance, after one of the country’s most significant votes in recent years.
The early projections show the SPD, and the Christian Democratic Union and Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU) bloc, are both on track for around 25% of the vote.
The first exit poll, which was released by public broadcaster ARD soon after voting finished at 6 p.m. local time, pointed to the Green Party getting 15% of the vote. The liberal Free Democratic Party was seen with 11% of the vote, as was the right-wing Alternative for Germany party. The left-wing Die Linke party was seen with 5% of the vote.
An alternative exit poll by broadcaster ZDF saw the SPD with 26% of the vote, slightly ahead of the CDU-CSU with 24% of the vote.
Both the SPD and CDU-CSU immediately claimed a mandate to govern. The SPD’s secretary general said the left-leaning party wants its candidate, Olaf Scholz, to become chancellor. Meanwhile, the CDU-CSU’s secretary general said that the exit polls suggested a coalition of the CDU-CSU, Greens and FDP is possible.
‘Wait for the final results’
Commenting after the exit polls, the CDU-CSU’s candidate for chancellor, Armin Laschet, conceded the result was disappointing and said it posed a “big challenge” for Germany.
“We cannot be satisfied with the results of the election,” Laschet told his supporters, according to a Reuters translation.
“We will do everything possible to build a conservative-led government because Germans now need a future coalition that modernizes our country,” he said. The projections show the result would be the conservative bloc’s worst since World War II.
Signaling that a coalition with just the SPD was not probable, Laschet added that “it will probably be the first time that we will have a government with three partners.”
Meanwhile, the SPD’s Scholz said that the party must “wait for the final results — and then we get down to work,” according to Reuters.
Possible coalitions
While it’s too early to state a definitive result, the projections by 8 p.m. local time pointed to the CDU-CSU bloc getting 198 seats in the Bundestag, Germany’s parliament, with the SPD getting 200.
Combined the parties would achieve a majority in parliament but the SPD has already signaled it would like the CDU-CSU to go into opposition, meaning it would have to form a coalition with two other parties, perhaps the Greens and FDP, to achieve a majority.
Germany experts like Holger Schmieding, chief economist at Berenberg Bank, said the exit polls did little to clarify the outlook on Germany’s next leader, and the make-up of the government.
“As expected, both a Scholz-led ‘traffic light’ alliance of the ‘red’ SPD with the Greens and the ‘yellow’ liberal FDP and a ‘Jamaica’ coalition of Laschet’s ‘black’ CDU-CSU with Greens and FDP are possible. SPD and Greens, who are close, would likely extend an offer to the FDP whereas CDU-CSU and FDP, who are also close, would try to get the Greens on board,” Schmieding said in a research note Sunday evening.
To get the Greens on board in a so-called “Jamaica” coalition (so named because the colors of the parties involved replicate those of the Jamaican flag) the CDU-CSU could have to make concessions to the Greens, and more than the bloc might be willing to stomach, Schmieding noted.
Risk removed?
While the next chancellor of Germany remains a mystery for now, the exit polls seem to dispel investor fears that the country could end up with a coalition of the SPD, the left-leaning Die Linke and the Greens, an alliance in government which, Schmieding stated, “could have impaired trend growth through tax hikes, reform reversals and excessive regulations.”
“If the official results confirm the exit polls — a big if as the results are close and the high share of postal voters of up to 50% may make the exit polls less reliable than usual — we would breathe a big sigh of relief. Until the exit polls, we had attached a 20% risk to such a tail risk scenario,” he said.
Why it matters
The election is significant because it heralds the departure of Angela Merkel, who is preparing to leave office after 16 years in power.
Recent German elections had failed to throw up any real surprises with Merkel’s re-election relatively assured. But this election race has differed by being wide open and too close to call, even up to the last days before the vote.
The Green Party enjoyed a bounce in popularity and took the lead in the polls at one point in April to then be overtaken by the Social Democratic Party, which managed to hang on to a slight lead in recent weeks.
Merkel’s ruling conservative alliance of the Christian Democratic Union and Christian Social Union had failed to galvanize Germans, and around 40% of voters were reported to be undecided as to who to vote for in the week ahead of the election.
How do German elections work?
What’s certain is that the next government will be a coalition, given that no party has won a majority of seats on its own. Experts have spent months speculating on what form a coalition government could take and negotiations, which could begin on Monday, are likely to take weeks and potentially months.
The CDU, and its Bavarian sister party, the CSU, have dominated German politics since 1949, when the parties formed a parliamentary group and ran in the first federal election following World War II.
In recent years the party has fallen out of favor with younger German voters who are prioritizing green policies and want to see Germany invest in and modernize its creaking industries and infrastructure.
Voting took place all day Sunday, from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. local time, in polling stations around the country although a large proportion of voters opted for postal ballots this election, given the coronavirus pandemic.
